diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/maternalmall/common/ApiResponse.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/maternalmall/common/ApiResponse.java
index f24a2de..6a3a276 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/maternalmall/common/ApiResponse.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/maternalmall/common/ApiResponse.java
@@ -23,4 +23,8 @@ public class ApiResponse<T> {
     public static ApiResponse<Void> fail(String message) {
         return new ApiResponse<>(-1, message, null);
     }
+
+    public static <T> ApiResponse<T> fail(String message, Class<T> clazz) {
+        return new ApiResponse<>(-1, message, null);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/main/java/com/maternalmall/controller/FileUploadController.java b/backend/src/main/java/com/maternalmall/controller/FileUploadController.java
index b2ecd3f..09bf48e 100644
--- a/backend/src/main/java/com/maternalmall/controller/FileUploadController.java
+++ b/backend/src/main/java/com/maternalmall/controller/FileUploadController.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public class FileUploadController {
     @PostMapping("/upload")
     public ApiResponse<String> uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
         if (file.isEmpty()) {
-            return ApiResponse.fail("请选择要上传的文件");
+            return ApiResponse.fail("请选择要上传的文件", String.class);
         }
 
         try {
@@ -52,20 +52,20 @@ public class FileUploadController {
             return ApiResponse.ok(fileUrl);
 
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            return ApiResponse.fail("文件上传失败: " + e.getMessage());
+            return ApiResponse.fail("文件上传失败: " + e.getMessage(), String.class);
         }
     }
 
     @PostMapping("/upload/image")
     public ApiResponse<String> uploadImage(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
         if (file.isEmpty()) {
-            return ApiResponse.fail("请选择要上传的图片");
+            return ApiResponse.fail("请选择要上传的图片", String.class);
         }
 
         // 检查文件类型
         String contentType = file.getContentType();
         if (contentType == null || !contentType.startsWith("image/")) {
-            return ApiResponse.fail("只能上传图片文件");
+            return ApiResponse.fail("只能上传图片文件", String.class);
         }
 
         return uploadFile(file);